Bibliography

. 2013. . [ONLINE] Available at:https://christopher01pd2011.wikispaces.com/file/view/chemical_equations.png/117658879/chemical_equations.png. [Accessed 02 December 2013].


 2013. . [ONLINE] Available at: http://www.green-planet-solar-energy.com/images/ethanol-ethanol.gif. [Accessed 02 December 2013].

. 2013. . [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.greenandpractical.com/bioethanol%20formula.jpg. [Accessed 02 December 2013].


HSC Chemistry topic 1 "Production of Materials" keep it simple science pg - 62  Fermentation of sugar to Ethanol. 

advantages and disadvantages of fuel and use of ethanol

Advantages of the potential use of Ethanol Alternative fuel

• Ethanol is a renewable fuel, when derived from plant material
• descends the use and conserves petroleum, which is non-renewable and estimated to run out in about 3 decades.
• Greenhouse friendly
• combustion is clean and pure than other fuels.

Disadvantages of the potential use of Ethanol Alternative fuel

• to replace petrol with ethanol, you will have to remove a lot of land and make those lands as farms of crops.
• the energy required to distill petrol to ethanol is a lot. fossil fuels are used for this.
• the car manufacture engineers will have to design a new motor to run ethanol and will cost a lot of money for make.

 Assessment of Alternative fuel based on advantages and disadvantages

There is 10% of ethanol in petrol ( E10 ). But yet is not reducing greenhouse emissions.

• Newer energy sources that are renewable that operate distillation. 

if they continue soon in the future to operate such technolgy from protecting our ozone layer, it will be a big success in human history and society.

Why ethanol is a renewable resource

Ethanol molecule is made up of CH 3-CH 2-OH. the OH compound creates a polar covalent bond causing the dipole-dipole forces to activate as well there is a hydrogen bond that is very strong between the molecules. OH lets the ethanol to become solvent for the polar substances. Although the dispersion forces between CH bonds donate to dissolve non-polar substances.

Here we have ethanol combustion reaction:

 IGNORE first equation of methanol!

When oxygen is present in a reaction along with heat energy there is a reaction called combustion. As Oxygen is present in the ethanol reaction this allows the ethanol to burn cleanly. clean fuel contain more pure and harmless substances like, Carbon Monoxide. Ethanol is easily combustible and transportable for for fuel. Cars are the main type of transport that utilities petrol. Fuel (gasoline) is environmental friendly and very clean and reliable but the gas spewing out of the exhaust pipes is toxic.

Ethanol as renewable resource

Ethanol is made from the process of Fermentation from glucose. Glucose is the sugar canes that are produced by the plants from Photosynthesis. when ethanol is combusted, Carbon Dioxide and H20 are produced. But, as well glucose can be reverted back by photosynthesis. this cycle is constantly continuing during these process 

 

This blog illustrates the ideas of ethanol as a fossil fuel

 Production of ethanol

Industrial production of ethanol from sugar cane

Ethanol is produced by glucose by utilizing the process called Fermentation. Fermentation process is the oldest known chemical process used by humans such as, Middle Eastern, Europeans and Asians. For Fermentation to occur you need: a suitable carbohydrate sources, a temperature kept constant around 25 degrees Celsius and a anaerobic conditions. this overall chemical reaction illustrates the components of glucose and ethanol.

In this equation the chemistry behind it is very complicated and difficult, which includes many steps for fermentation process to occur, each catalysed by a different enzyme produced by the living yeast cells. the presence of yeast is important because it produces an enzyme that catalyses the process of Glycolysis which produces glucose into ethanol and carbon dioxide. For pure Ethanol it needs to be distilled which will give you about 90% .
  

Explains the need for an alternative source of fuel

We need new alternative sources of fuel because it has been estimated that petrol will no longer exist. Petroleum is a non renewable resource, Scientist have estimated that petroleum will run out in the 3 decades. Some of these resources and materials cannot be recycled and re-used that is why it is non-renewable. Later on in the years as petroleum runs out every year the price of it will exceed and will increase. Most of these polymers are Non-Biodegradable which means, that microorganisms decompose materials. This can lead to waste disposal and pollution. Alternative sources such as, bio-polymers which can lead to better economical environments and less waste disposals.